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[V.O] A half-century since it
launched the first American

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to orbit, NASA has begun a
new era of space exploration.

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With the International
Space Station established

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as a permanent human
outpost in low Earth orbit,

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NASA has embarked on
two parallel paths

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of future spaceflight....both
are complementary -- -

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and both are revolutionary.

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On one path, NASA is fostering
American private industry

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to develop commercially
available flights to orbit

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for cargo and, eventually,
people.

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On the other path, NASA
is focusing its expertise

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to build new spacecraft
and rockets to take America

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to deep space, farther than
we have ever been before.

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Two pathways to two frontiers.

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One maintains and expands our
foothold in familiar territory.

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The other extends our
reach into the unknown.

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From Cape Canaveral Air
Force Station in Florida,

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a commercial rocket roars
into the sky...it's the first

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of a new generation of
commercial launch systems.

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It's flight is made possible
largely because, for decades,

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NASA has opened the
borders of space.

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NASA's experience is
America's experience.

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Whether its building

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and launching
spacecraft...taking humans

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to the moon...or making
Earth Orbit a place

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for everyday work....The
technologies

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from those achievements
helped build our nation's

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aerospace industry.

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With those missions, NASA
poured the foundation

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of United States
human spaceflight.

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Now NASA is partnering with
private American companies

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so they may join the voyage.

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The International Space Station.

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The largest, most complex
space vehicle ever built,

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and it has become our
permanent home in space.

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Crews live and work
onboard conducting research

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and experiments to
improve life on earth.

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Their work is also preparing us

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for those longer
journeys that are ahead.

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But the station also serves as
a catalyst for the evolution

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of commercial spaceflight.

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Station crews need regular
shipments of food, water,

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clothing, spare parts
and experiments.

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That demand creates
an opportunity

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for commercial space companies
to augment cargo shipments

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by NASA's international
partners.

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[Astronaut Don Pettit]
Well, I view these vehicles

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like wagon trains supplying some
government-run fort out west,

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and it doesn't matter
whose wagon train it is,

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what's important is that the
wagon train eventually makes it

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to the fort.

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[V.O.] Two companies -
Orbital Sciences and SpaceX --

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are in the final
stages of building

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and testing new unmanned cargo
craft to fly to the station.

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[Elon Musk] So we've got
customers at the end of the day

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where we can provide
a useful service

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and can also prove the rocket
technology...with every flight

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we learn more.

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Just being able to
work in collaboration

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with NASA is awesome
and it teaches us a lot.

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I'm super excited about it and
feel honored to be a part of it.

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[V.O.] Other companies including
Blue Origin, Sierra Nevada,

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United Launch Alliance, ATK,
Excalibur Almaz, Boeing,

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as well as Space X...are working

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to eventually fly
crews to the station.

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It is a new approach
to space flight:

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NASA lends its experience
but the companies design,

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launch and own the spacecraft.

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[Lindenmoyer ]

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we didn't talk about
how to do it.

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We didn't say how large
the vehicle needed

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to be...how much propulsion.

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The only time we got specific

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about requirements were the
interfaces to the space station

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and the safety requirements.

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Everything else was goal driven

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so the companies can
use their innovation

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and optimize their systems

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to deliver these
supplies to the station.

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[V.O.] While commercial partners
focus on reaching orbit,

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NASA is at work on a
spacecraft and launch vehicle

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to explore the solar system.

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NASA's Space Launch System
will be the most versatile

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and powerful rocket ever built.

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It will launch crews farther
into space than ever before --

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to an asteroid, back to the
moon, or even on to Mars.

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Sitting atop the Space Launch
System is Orion, NASA's new ship

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to take astronauts
on those journeys.

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[Geyer] Orion is really
an exploration spacecraft.

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It's the vehicle that
will house the crew

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when we do those
exploration missions.

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It provides the life support,
the power, storage for food.

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It also provides the propulsion
and other systems that allows us

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to go to those far
reaching distant places.

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[V.O.] Work is well
under way on Orion.

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Hardware is being built
from coast to coast.

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Testing, checks and reviews all
march toward a first unmanned

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test flight in 2014.

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Orion will fly 10 times
farther from the Earth

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than the space station.

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. It will return to Earth
at speeds not experienced

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since the Apollo
missions to the moon.

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Orion also benefits
commercial partners.

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As NASA creates and
tests Orion hardware,

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the lessons from parachute
tests, heat shield development

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and aerodynamic studies
are shared.

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The collaboration
prevents duplication

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and speeds development.

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The programs mature
together and ultimately rely

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on each other for success.

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[Lindenmoyer] We want

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to stimulate commercial
industry in space.

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That is in NASA's charter.

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I would say over the
years this has become more

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and more exciting, because
we have seen great progress

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with the companies.

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There's a tremendous amount
of talent and knowledge

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and experience out there...

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it ended up being a
great partnership.

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[Geyer] When the
commercial works

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and it actually can
reduce the cost

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of supplying the
space station then

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that will allow more
budget headroom

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to do the exploration
missions that NASA has planned

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in the future 'cause we
gotta support space station

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and this commercial
resupply of cargo and crew;

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the cheaper it is, the
more exploration we can do,